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Fog computing
Fog computing or fog networking, also known as fogging,〔IoT, from Cloud to Fog Computing: ''()''〕〔fog-computing: ''()''〕 is an architecture that uses one or a collaborative multitude of end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of storage (rather than stored primarily in cloud data centers), communication (rather than routed over the internet backbone), and control, configuration, measurement and management (rather than controlled primarily by network gateways such as those in the LTE (telecommunication) core).
Fog computing, a term coined by professor Salvatore J. Stolfo,〔http://www.wired.com/2012/07/fog-computing/〕 can be perceived both in large cloud systems and big data structures, making reference to the growing difficulties in accessing information objectively. This results in a lack of quality of the obtained content. The effects of fog computing on cloud computing and big data systems may vary; yet, a common aspect that can be extracted is a limitation in accurate content distribution, an issue that has been tackled with the creation of metrics that attempt to improve accuracy.
Fog networking consists of a control plane and a data plane. For example, on the data plane, fog computing enables computing services to reside at the edge of the network as opposed to servers in a data-center. Compared to cloud computing, fog computing emphasizes proximity to end-users and client objectives, dense geographical distribution and local resource pooling, latency reduction for quality of service (QoS) and edge analytics/stream mining, resulting in superior user-experience〔Cisco RFP-2013-078. Fog Computing, Ecosystem, Architecture and Applications: ''().''〕 and redundancy in case of failure.〔What Comes After the Cloud? How About the Fog?: ''().''〕〔Is There a Buzz Over Fog Computing?: ''().''〕〔New Solutions on the Horizon—“Fog” or “Edge” Computing?: ''().''〕〔Cloud Evolution: Back to the Future?: ''().''〕
Fog networking supports the Internet of Everything (IoE), in which most of the devices that we use on a daily basis will be connected to each other. Examples include our phones, wearable health monitoring devices, connected vehicle and augmented reality using devices such as the Google Glass.〔Bonomi, F., Milito, R., Zhu, J., and Addepalli,S. Fog Computing and its Role in the Internet of Things. In Proc of MCC (2012), pp. 13-16.''().''〕〔Cisco-Delivers-Vision-of-Fog-Computing-to-Accelerate-Value-from-Billions-of-Connected-Devices: ''().''〕〔IoT: Out Of The Cloud & Into The Fog: ''().''〕〔Distributed intelligence and IoT fog: ''().''〕〔Fog Computing Keeps Data Right Where the Internet of Things Needs It: ''().''〕
ISO/IEC 20248 provides a method whereby the data of objects identified by edge computing using Automated Identification Data Carriers (), a barcode and/or RFID tag, can be read, interpreted, verified and made available into the "Fog" and on the "Edge" even when the AIDC tag has moved on.
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